First off, all authorities are instituted by God. Romans 13:1-7. However, due to corruption in the flesh, many governing authorities too around the world are not in the Order set by God. But Christ came onto this earth two thousand years ago and payed the way to set right that disorder. And laws were being framed and established in countries throughout the earth. And down through the ages nations have put their trust in Christ either in heart (by deed through practice) and/or in mind (by word through profession). The laws of countries that are closely aligned with God’s Law & Order will have favour with Him at the Judgement Seat of Christ when He comes the second time in glory.
Now there are crimes and there are sins.
Crimes are sins against one’s neighbor. And punishments are set for them which are a no-brainer.
And then there are sins. Some consider sins as only against an invisible impotent God that they can give a wink to and absolve the sinner from any wrongdoing at a confessional, the doors of which according to them are always open. No doubt John 20:21-23 teaches about such confessionals and God is also longsuffering, forgiving us again and again, pouring on us grace upon grace. But confer with Luke 12:47-48 & Hebrews 10:26-31 and understand that willful sin deserves triple punishment.
Sin is transgression of the Law. 1 John 3:4.
And the Laws that stood the test of time are those set forth in the Bible, keeping of which enabled the Lord Jesus Christ to rise from the dead.
The TEN COMMANDMENTS form the core of the Bible. And these TEN happen to be self-evident laws. God engraved them on stone because they have permanency.